135 research outputs found
Finite bias charge detection in a quantum dot
We present finite bias measurements on a quantum dot coupled capacitively to
a quantum point contact used as a charge detector. The transconductance signal
measured in the quantum point contact at finite dot bias shows structure which
allows us to determine the time-averaged charge on the dot in the non-blockaded
regime and to estimate the coupling of the dot to the leads.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Time-Resolved Detection of Individual Electrons in a Quantum Dot
We present measurements on a quantum dot and a nearby, capacitively coupled,
quantum point contact used as a charge detector. With the dot being weakly
coupled to only a single reservoir, the transfer of individual electrons onto
and off the dot can be observed in real time in the current signal from the
quantum point contact. From these time-dependent traces, the quantum mechanical
coupling between dot and reservoir can be extracted quantitatively. A similar
analysis allows the determination of the occupation probability of the dot
states.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure
Real-time detection of single electron tunneling using a quantum point contact
We observe individual tunnel events of a single electron between a quantum
dot and a reservoir, using a nearby quantum point contact (QPC) as a charge
meter. The QPC is capacitively coupled to the dot, and the QPC conductance
changes by about 1% if the number of electrons on the dot changes by one. The
QPC is voltage biased and the current is monitored with an IV-convertor at room
temperature. We can resolve tunnel events separated by only 8 s, limited
by noise from the IV-convertor. Shot noise in the QPC sets a 25 ns lower bound
on the accessible timescales.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, submitte
Counting statistics and super-Poissonian noise in a quantum dot
We present time-resolved measurements of electron transport through a quantum
dot. The measurements were performed using a nearby quantum point contact as a
charge detector. The rates for tunneling through the two barriers connecting
the dot to source and drain contacts could be determined individually. In the
high bias regime, the method was used to probe excited states of the dot.
Furthermore, we have detected bunching of electrons, leading to
super-Poissonian noise. We have used the framework of the full counting
statistics (FCS) to model the experimental data. The existence of
super-Poissonian noise suggests a long relaxation time for the involved excited
state, which could be related to the spin relaxation time
Imaging a Coupled Quantum Dot - Quantum Point Contact System
We performed measurements on a quantum dot and a capacitively coupled quantum
point contact by using the sharp metallic tip of a low-temperature scanning
force microscope as a scanned gate. The quantum point contact served as a
detector for charges on the dot or nearby. It allowed us to distinguish single
electron charging events in several charge traps from charging events on the
dot. We analyzed the tip-induced potential quantitatively and found its shape
to be independent of the voltage applied to the tip within a certain range of
parameters. We estimate that the trap density is below 0.1% of the doping
density and that the interaction energy between the quantum dot and a trap is a
significant portion of the dot's charging energy. Possibly, such charge traps
are the reason for frequently observed parametric charge rearrangements.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Cotunneling-mediated transport through excited states in the Coulomb blockade regime
We present finite bias transport measurements on a few-electron quantum dot.
In the Coulomb blockade regime, strong signatures of inelastic cotunneling
occur which can directly be assigned to excited states observed in the
non-blockaded regime. In addition, we observe structures related to sequential
tunneling through the dot, occuring after it has been excited by an inelastic
cotunneling process. We explain our findings using transport calculations
within the real-time Green's function approach, including diagrams up to fourth
order in the tunneling matrix elements.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Magnetostriction in the mixed state of superconducting 2H-NbSe₂ single crystals
Magnetostriction measurements on 2H-NbSe₂ single crystals in the temperature range 1.5-8 K in a magnetic field up to 14 T are reported. Peak and oscillations in the measured field dependences of magnetostriction were observed near Hc₂. The reversible and irreversible components are separated and analyzed in the region of peak. The scaling parameters are defined, the contribution of the elastic constants dependence on magnetic field is demonstrated. The oscillatory component is discussed regarding Landau quantization of electronic spectrum
Peak Effect in Superconductors: Absence of Phase Transition and Possibility of Jamming in Vortex Matter
The magnetic field dependence of the critical current for the
vortex phase of a disordered superconductor is studied numerically at zero
temperature. The increases rapidly near the upper critical field
similar to the peak effect (PE) phenomenon observed in many
superconductors. The real space configuration across the PE changes
continuously from a partially ordered domain (polycrystalline) state into an
amorphous state. The topological defect density
with for . There is no evidence of a phase transition in
the vicinity of the PE suggesting that an order-disorder transition is not
essential for the occurrence of the PE phenomenon. An alternative view is
presented wherein the vortex system with high dislocation density undergoes
jamming at the onset of the PE.Comment: 8 pages and 5 figure
Real Time Electron Tunneling and Pulse Spectroscopy in Carbon Nanotube Quantum Dots
We investigate a Quantum Dot (QD) in a Carbon Nanotube (CNT) in the regime
where the QD is nearly isolated from the leads. An aluminum single electron
transistor (SET) serves as a charge detector for the QD. We precisely measure
and tune the tunnel rates into the QD in the range between 1 kHz and 1 Hz,
using both pulse spectroscopy and real - time charge detection and measure the
excitation spectrum of the isolated QD.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
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